CRITICAL THINKING 2
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CRITICAL THINKING 2

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 Critical Thinking Question Patterns!

For Critical Thinking Examples Go to Critical Thinking Tests page

Critical Thinking Skills

The following are Critical Thinking Skills included in the

Day 4 Training material for Developed Curricula, MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, 2006:

The response  may follow the general pattern of:

Stating the hypothesis/ issue

Providing Criteria

Supporting your position with evidence/ details/ examples

Conclusion

1. Analyzing

Separating or breaking a whole into parts to discover their

nature, functional and relationships.

"I studied it piece by piece"

"I sorted things out"

2. Applying Standards

Judging according to established personal, professional,

or social rules or criteria.

"I judged it according to.."

3. Discriminating

Recognizing differences and similarities among things or

situations and distinguishing carefully as to category or rank.

"I rank ordered the various_________"

"I grouped things together"

4. Information Seeking

Searching for evidence, facts, or knowledge by identifying

relevant sources and gathering objective, subjective, historical,

 and current data from those sources

"I knew I needed to lookup/study..."

"I kept searching for data."

5. Logical Reasoning

Drawing inferences or conclusions that are supported in

or justified by evidence

"I deduced from the information that..."

"My rationale for the conclusion was..."

6. Predicting

Envisioning a plan and its consequences

"1 envisioned the outcome would be..."

"I was prepared for..."

7. Transforming Knowledge

Changing or converting the condition, nature, form,

or function of concepts among contexts

"I improved on the basics by------"

"I wondered if that would fit the situation of..."

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Some Critical Thinking Strategies of Critical Readers

1-Prediction: Good readers make predictions about thoughts,

events, outcomes and conclusions. This constant process helps

 you become involved with the author's thinking.

2-Picture Form Images : Good readers make use of words and

ideas to build mental images that relate to the material. Images in

their heads are like movies to them and this increases understanding.

3-Relate /Connect Background Knowledge with new information :

by doing this you are synthesizing the material and making it part of

your knowledge .A phrase in a situation may remind you of

a personal experience.

4-Monitor / Control : Check understanding

Try always to monitor your ongoing comprehension to test

your understanding, keep an internal summary of the

or synthesis of the information.

5-Correct Gaps in understanding

Do not accept gaps in your RC, if there are gaps, stop reading

and resolve the problem. This may mean rereading a sentence,

 looking back at a previous page. Try to re-analyze the task

 to achieve better understanding.

==============================================

Critical thinkers have the following skills:

1. RATIONALITY ( REASONING) BEING RATIONAL

We are thinking critically when we

  • Rely on reason rather than emotion
  • Require evidence, ignore unknown evidence, and follow

evidence where it leads, and

  • Are concerned more with finding the best explanation than

being right analyzing apparent confusion and asking questions.

2. SELF AWARENESS / BEING SELF-AWARE

We are thinking critically when we

  • Weigh the influences of motives and bias, and
  • Recognize our own assumptions, prejudices, biases,

or point of view.

3. HONESTY / BEING HONEST

We are thinking critically when we recognize emotional

impulses, selfish motives, immoral

( wicked) purposes, or other modes of self-deception .

4. OPEN -MINDEDNESS/ BEING OPEN -MINDED

We are thinking critically when we

  • Evaluate all reasonable inferences
  • Consider a variety of possible viewpoints or perspectives,
  • Remain open to alternative interpretations
  • Accept a new explanation, model , or paradigm because

it explains the evidence better, is simpler, or has fewer

inconsistencies or covers more data.

  • Accept new priorities in response to a re- evaluation of

the evidence or reassessment of our real interests, and

  • Do not reject unpopular views out of hand.

5. DISCIPLINE/ HAVING DISCIPLINE

We are thinking critically when we

  • Are precise, meticulous, comprehensive, and exhaustive
  • Resist manipulation and irrational appeals, and
  • Avoid snap judgments .

6. JUDGMENT/BEING GOOD JUDGES

We are thinking critically when we

  • Recognize the relevance and /or merit of alternative

assumptions and perspectives

  • Recognize the extent and weight of evidence.